The Invention of a Prophet
Contrary to popular belief, Muhammad is a figure about whom we know little. While his existence seems beyond doubt (his name is mentioned in Christian chronicles as early as 634), we know almost nothing about the historical figure of the prophet—not even his real name! The biographies of Muhammad from Islamic tradition are no longer accepted by historians as credible sources. Written 150 to 200 years after the events, they contain contradictory information, inconsistencies, legendary stories, and often have an apologetic and political background. In this section, we will dissect these sources and undertake a "demythologization," showing how the ‘life’ of Muhammad was entirely fabricated post hoc by Muslim scholars. Finally, we will attempt to paint a realistic portrait of the historical figure who lived in Arabia in the 7th century.
EPISODE 1: DID MUHAMMAD EXIST?
Muhammad did he truly exist? The question, posed in a blunt manner, may initially seem surprising and even absurd. Yet, it is much more…
EPISODE 2: THE PROPHET'S GENEALOGY
The genealogy of Muhammad is a theme that has generated much discussion among Muslim historians and continues to fuel interfaith debates to…
EPISODE 3: THE PROPHET'S PREEXISTENCE
According to orthodox Muslim tradition, Muhammad is the most important man in history. In addition to being the last Messenger of Allah, he…
The Sîra
The main source on the life of Muhammad is a collection of biographical writings: the Sîra. The most emblematic is undoubtedly the Sirât…